Japanese Yen rallies to fresh high since September 2024 against a broadly weaker USD
- The Japanese Yen continues to attract safe-haven flows amid trade-related uncertainties.
- The divergent BoJ-Fed policy expectations also contribute to the USD/JPY pair’s decline.
- Slightly overstretched conditions on the daily chart warrant some caution for the JPY bulls.
The Japanese Yen (JPY) kicks off the new week on a positive note and strengthens to its highest level since September against a broadly weaker US Dollar (USD) during the Asian session. The optimism over US-Japan trade talks and the underlying bearish sentiment surrounding the global financial markets continue to drive flows towards the safe-haven JPY. Furthermore, data released on Friday showed that Japan's core inflation accelerated in March and left the door open for more interest rate hikes by the Bank of Japan (BoJ), which is seen as another factor underpinning the JPY.
The JPY bulls, meanwhile, seem rather unaffected by reports that the BoJ will cut its growth estimates amid concerns about the potential economic fallout from US President Donald Trump's steep tariffs. The USD, on the other hand, sinks to a fresh two-year low as the uncertainty about Trump's trade policies has dented investors' confidence in the US economic growth. Even Federal Reserve (Fed) Chair Jerome Powell's relatively hawkish comments on Friday did little to impress the USD bulls, suggesting that the path of least resistance for the USD/JPY pair remains to the downside.
Japanese Yen is underpinned by a combination of supporting factors; seems poised to appreciate further
- Concerns about US President Donald Trump’s back-and-forth tariff announcements continue to weigh on investors' sentiment and underpin demand for traditional safe-haven assets, including the Japanese Yen.
- The new US ambassador to Japan said on Friday that he is optimistic about a deal in the ongoing US-Japan tariff negotiations. Moreover, Japan's Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba said on Sunday that he wants to make the ongoing Japan-US tariff talks a model for negotiations between the US and other countries.
- Ishiba added that Japan seeks fairness in currency talks with the US and suggested flexibility on US accusations of non-tariff barriers to the Japanese automobile market. This continues to fuel hopes that Japan might strike a trade deal with the US and turns out to be another factor driving flows toward the JPY.
- Bank of Japan Governor Kazuo Ueda last week signaled the potential to pause the rate-hiking cycle and said that the central bank may need to take policy action if US tariffs hurt the Japanese economy. Moreover, reports suggest that the BoJ will cut its growth forecasts amid heightened risks to the fragile economic recovery.
- However, BoJ Governor Kazuo Ueda said that Japan's real interest rates remain very low and that the central bank is expected to keep raising interest rates if the economy and prices move in line with projections. The view was further echoed by BoJ board member Junko Nagakawa.
- Adding to this, government data released on Friday showed that Japan's core Consumer Price Index (CPI), which excludes fresh food prices, accelerated to the 3.2% YoY rate in March from a 3% gain in the previous month. Furthermore, core-core inflation, which excludes both fresh food and energy, rose 2.9% vs 2.6% in February.
- This points to broadening inflation in Japan and leaves the door open for more rate hikes by the BoJ. In contrast, traders largely shrugged off Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell's relatively hawkish comments last Wednesday and seem convinced that the US central bank will resume its rate-cutting cycle in June.
- Meanwhile, the recent sell-off in the US bond market suggests that investors are losing confidence in the US economy. This further contributes to the ongoing US Dollar downfall to its lowest level since April 2022 and drags the USD/JPY pair below the 141.00 mark for the first time since September 2024.
USD/JPY needs to consolidate before the next leg down amid a slightly oversold RSI on the daily chart
From a technical perspective, the daily Relative Strength Index (RSI) is already flashing slightly oversold conditions and warrants some caution for bearish traders. Hence, it will be prudent to wait for some near-term consolidation or a modest bounce before positioning for an extension of the USD/JPY pair's well-established downtrend witnessed over the past three months or so.
In the meantime, attempted recovery might now confront some resistance near the 141.60-141.65 region. This is followed by the 142.00 round figure and the 142.40-142.45 hurdle, above which a fresh bout of a short-covering move could lift the USD/JPY pair to the 143.00 mark en route to the 143.25-143.30 zone. Any further move up, however, might still be seen as a selling opportunity.
On the flip side, a sustained break and acceptance below the 141.00 mark could be seen as a fresh trigger for bearish traders and make the USD/JPY pair vulnerable. The subsequent downfall could drag spot prices to the 140.45-140.40 intermediate support en route to the 140.00 psychological mark. The downward trajectory could extend to the 2024 yearly swing low, around the 139.60-139.55 region.
Japanese Yen FAQs
The Japanese Yen (JPY) is one of the world’s most traded currencies. Its value is broadly determined by the performance of the Japanese economy, but more specifically by the Bank of Japan’s policy, the differential between Japanese and US bond yields, or risk sentiment among traders, among other factors.
One of the Bank of Japan’s mandates is currency control, so its moves are key for the Yen. The BoJ has directly intervened in currency markets sometimes, generally to lower the value of the Yen, although it refrains from doing it often due to political concerns of its main trading partners. The BoJ ultra-loose monetary policy between 2013 and 2024 caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks. More recently, the gradually unwinding of this ultra-loose policy has given some support to the Yen.
Over the last decade, the BoJ’s stance of sticking to ultra-loose monetary policy has led to a widening policy divergence with other central banks, particularly with the US Federal Reserve. This supported a widening of the differential between the 10-year US and Japanese bonds, which favored the US Dollar against the Japanese Yen. The BoJ decision in 2024 to gradually abandon the ultra-loose policy, coupled with interest-rate cuts in other major central banks, is narrowing this differential.
The Japanese Yen is often seen as a safe-haven investment. This means that in times of market stress, investors are more likely to put their money in the Japanese currency due to its supposed reliability and stability. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen the Yen’s value against other currencies seen as more risky to invest in.